Teknụzụ ndabere:
Elu ike fastenerschọrọ quenching na tempering ọgwụgwọ dị ka teknuzu chọrọ.Okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ quenching na temperingbụ iji melite keukwu n'ibu Njirimara nke fasteners izute kpọmkwem tensile ike na mkpụrụ ruru nke ngwaahịa. Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-enwe mmetụta dị oke mkpa na àgwà dị n'ime nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ike dị elu, karịsịa àgwà dị n'ime ha. N'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nke na-ekpo ọkụ, a na-esikarị na-ebubata ụfọdụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ site na mpụga ọkụ. The oxidizing gas ga-emeghachi omume na bolt, na-eme ka decarburization n'elu nke bolt. N'ihi ọdịdị dị iche iche dị iche iche na ihe dị n'ime ya, ọ nwere ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye dị iche iche. N'oge imenyụ, mgbawa elu nwere ike ime, na-ebelata ogo ngwaahịa. Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ọdịnala na-agụnye itinye bolts ozugbo n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ maka imenyụ ọkụ dị elu. N'oge a na-emenyụ ọkụ na iwe ọkụ, nsogbu ndị dị ka isighi ike zuru oke na steeti ahụ emenyụghị, isi ike na-enweghị isi na ọnọdụ emenyụ emenyụ, nrụrụ nrụrụ nke ukwuu, na mgbawa ọkụ na-adịkarị mfe ime. N'ihi nke a, ọ dị mkpa imeziwanye usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke ọdịnala.
Ihe mmejuputa nka nka:
Iji lebara emezighị emezi nke nkà na ụzụ dị ugbu a, ebumnuche nke mmepụta ihe dị ugbu a bụ ịnye usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ maka bolts nwere mmetụta nkwụsị nke ọma, mma ngwaahịa mma, na ogologo ndụ ọrụ ngwaahịa.
Iji nweta ebumnobi ndị a dị n'elu, ihe a rụpụtara ugbu a na-anabata usoro teknụzụ ndị a:
Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke bolts gụnyere usoro ndị a:
S1. Dephosphorization;
S2. Tupu ọgwụgwọ: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye gas nitrogen na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbe ikpochasị ọkụ maka awa 2.5 ruo 3, wepụ ya ma tinye ya na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ carburization;
S3. Nkwụsị: Tinye ngwaahịa a n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye nitrogen n'ime ọkụ ọkụ na-emenyụ. Mgbe ịgbanye nitrogen maka nkeji 30-40, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ bulie okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ruo 460-500 ℃ ma debe ya maka nkeji 15-20 tupu ịmalite usoro mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ nkwụsịtụ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ dịkwuo okpomọkụ nke ọkụ ọkụ na 550 ~ 700 ℃ ma nọgide na-enwe ya maka 20 ~ 35 nkeji tupu ịga n'ihu na nke abụọ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ mụbaa okpomọkụ nke ọkụ ọkụ ahụ ruo 750-850 ℃ ma debe ya maka nkeji 30-45 tupu ịmalite usoro nke atọ nke ọgwụgwọ nkwụsịtụ;
S4. Mmanya jụrụ oyi: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ emenyụọ ma tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke mbụ na-emenyụ mmanụ, na-akpali 15 ọ bụla nkeji ma na-edobe ya maka 20-30 nkeji; Mgbe ewepuchara ya, tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke abụọ na-eme ka mmanụ dị jụụ, kpalie ọ bụla 15 nkeji ruo mgbe ngwaahịa okpomọkụ dara na 100 ℃;
S5. Mwepụ mmanụ: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ jụrụ oyi ma hapụ ya ka ọ kwụrụ maka nkeji 35-45, ma fesaa mmanụ na-emenyụ n'elu ngwaahịa ahụ site na ikuku oyi;
S6. Tempering: Tinye degreased ngwaahịa n'ime a tempering ọkụ maka tempering ọgwụgwọ, gbanwee tempering okpomọkụ ka 110 ~ 180 ℃, na tempering oge 1.5 ~ 3 awa. Mee usoro mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ tempering; Welite okpomọkụ ruo 370-410 ℃ na iwe ọkụ maka awa 3-6 tupu ịga n'ihu na usoro nke abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ tempering; Mgbe ọgwụgwọ iwe gasịrị, ikuku jụrụ ngwaahịa ahụ ruo n'ime ụlọ.
Ọkacha mma, na nzọụkwụ s1 dị n'elu, ngwọta nhicha na-agụnye ihe ndị na-esonụ site na uka: 20-36 akụkụ butyl acetate, 10-13 akụkụ nke polyglycolic acid, 16-20 akụkụ nke aminoacetic acid, 13-22 akụkụ ethyl acrylate, 5-9 akụkụ oleic acid triethan-1-6 nnu, 15-9 oleic acid triethanolamine na 1 nnu, 1. nke mmiri, nke nwere ike wepu ntụpọ mmanụ n'ụzọ dị irè n'elu ngwaahịa ahụ ma zere imetụta mmetụta nkwụsịtụ.
Ọkacha mma, tankị dephosphorization ahụ e kwuru n'elu na-eji ngwọta dephosphorization, nke na-ahọrọ ngwọta potassium hydroxide na ntinye nke 2.2-6.5g / l ma ọ bụ ngwọta sodium hydroxide na ntinye nke 2.8-6.9g / l.
Ọkachamma nke ọma, na nzọụkwụ s2 ahụ e kwuru n'elu, ikuku nitrogen dị elu ewebatara n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ ikuku nitrogen n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ na nzọụkwụ s3, na-agba ọsọ nke 2.5-3.5l/h. Site na ikpocha ngwaahịa ahụ, ihe ngwọta nhicha dị n'elu ya nwere ike akpọnwụ na mmụba mberede nke okpomọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ nwere ike izere imetụta àgwà ngwaahịa.
Ọzọkwa ọkachamma, na nzọụkwụ s3 n'elu, na-eruba ọnụego nke nitrogen bụ 4-5l / h, nke nwere ike wepụ ikuku si preheating ọkụ, zere oxidation mmeghachi omume n'etiti oxygen na ngwaahịa, ma zere decarburization, nke nwere ike ime ka ọdịda nke threaded fasteners na-ebelata ọrụ ndụ nke ngwaahịa.
Kpọmkwem, na nzọụkwụ s3 n'elu, kpo oku ọnụego nke quenching ọkụ n'oge kpo oku oge ka 460-500 ℃ bụ 30-40 ℃ / min, kpo oku ọnụego n'oge kpo oku oge na 550-700 ℃ bụ 50-60 ℃ / min, na kpo oku ọnụego n'oge okpomọkụ - 0-7 0 7 0 9 0 9 ℃. ℃/min. Usoro ọgwụgwọ ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike melite mmetụta nkwụsị nke ngwaahịa ahụ ma melite ogo ngwaahịa ahụ.
Ọkacha mma, na nzọụkwụ s4, okpomọkụ nke mmanụ na-emenyụ ọkụ na tank mmanụ nke mbụ bụ 250-300 ℃, na okpomọkụ nke mmanụ quenching na tank mmanụ nke abụọ bụ 50-70 ℃.
Ọkacha mma, na nzọụkwụ s5 n'elu, okpomọkụ nke ikuku oyi bụ 30-35 ℃, na ikuku na-agba bụ 20-25m / s.
Uru nke ihe a na-emepụta ugbu a bụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke bolt dị mfe, dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, ma nwee mmetụta nkwụsị nke ọma. Site na ikpocha ngwaahịa ahụ, ihe ngwọta nhicha dị n'elu ya nwere ike ihicha, na mberede na-abawanye okpomọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike izere imetụta àgwà ngwaahịa; Ngwunye nitrogen dị elu nke a na-eji na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ na-abịa site na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na-ekpochapụ ngwaọrụ ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, nke nwere ike ịchekwa ike oriri ma belata ụgwọ ọrụ; Ịgbanye nitrogen n'ime ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ nwere ike wepụ ikuku n'ime, na-ezere mmeghachi omume oxidation n'etiti oxygen na ngwaahịa ahụ, si otú ahụ na-ezere decarburization na ime ka ọdịda nke eriri eriri, na ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa; Usoro ọgwụgwọ ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike melite mmetụta nkwụsị nke ngwaahịa ahụ ma melite ogo ya; Usoro ọgwụgwọ mmanu jụrụ oyi nwere ike ime ka ngwaahịa dị elu dị jụụ n'ụzọ dị mma na-emebighị ogo ha.
Usoro mmejuputa a kapịrị ọnụ
Ihe na-esonụ bụ mmalite mmalite nke ihe ọhụrụ a na-emepụta ugbu a na njikọ dị iche iche.
Ọmụmaatụ 1
Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke bolts gụnyere usoro ndị a:
S1. Dephosphorization;
Ngwọta nhicha nwere ihe ndị na-esonụ site na uka: akụkụ 20 nke butyl acetate, akụkụ 10 nke polyglycolic acid, akụkụ 16 nke aminoacetic acid, akụkụ 13 nke ethyl acrylate, 5 akụkụ oleic acid triethanolamine nnu, 3 akụkụ ethanolamine, na akụkụ 18 nke mmiri; A na-eji tankị dephosphoris mee ihe na ngwọta dephosphoriation, nke na-eji ngwọta potassium hydroxide na ntinye nke 2.2g / l;
S2. Tupu ọgwụgwọ: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye gas nitrogen na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbe ikpochasị ọkụ maka awa 2.5, wepụ ya ma tinye ya na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ carburization;
S3. Nkwụsị: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye nitrogen gas n'ime ọkụ ọkụ. The eruba ọnụego nke nitrogen gas bụ 4l / h, na mgbe ịgbanye nitrogen gas maka 30 nkeji, ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke quenching ọkụ na 460 ℃, na a kpo oku ọnụego nke 30 ℃ / min, na-edebe ya 15 nkeji tupu ịga n'ihu na mbụ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ọkụ ọkụ na 550 ℃, na-ekpo ọkụ nke 50 ℃ / min, na-echekwa ya maka nkeji 20 tupu ịga n'ihu na nke abụọ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ruo 750 ℃, na ọkụ ọkụ nke 70 ℃ / min, na-echekwa ya maka nkeji 30 tupu ịga n'ihu na usoro nke atọ nke ọgwụgwọ nkwụsịtụ;
S4. Mmanụ na-ajụ oyi: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ emenyụpụtara ma tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke mbụ na-emenyụ ka mmanụ dị jụụ. Okpomọkụ nke mmanụ na-emenyụ ọkụ bụ 250 ℃, ma kpalie ọ bụla nkeji 15 maka nkeji 20; Mgbe ewepụchara, tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke abụọ na-eme ka mmanụ dị jụụ, na mmanụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na 50 ℃ ma kpalie ọ bụla 15 nkeji ruo mgbe ngwaahịa okpomọkụ dara na 100 ℃;
S5. Mwepụ mmanụ: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ jụrụ oyi ma hapụ ya ka ọ kwụrụ maka nkeji iri atọ na ise. Gbanyụọ mmanụ na-emenyụ mmanụ n'elu ngwaahịa ahụ na ikuku oyi na okpomọkụ nke 30 ℃ na ikuku ọsọ nke 20m / s;
S6. Tempering: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ mebiri emebi n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọkụ, gbanwee okpomọkụ ka ọ bụrụ 110 ℃, na oge okpomọkụ ruo awa 1.5. Mee usoro mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ tempering; Welite okpomọkụ ruo 370 ℃, iwe ọkụ maka awa 3, wee gaa n'ihu na usoro nke abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ iwe ọkụ; Mgbe ọgwụgwọ iwe gasịrị, ikuku jụrụ ngwaahịa ahụ ruo n'ime ụlọ.
Igwe ikuku nitrogen dị elu nke ewebatara n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nzọụkwụ s2 nke ụdị a bụ ikuku nitrogen sitere na ọkụ na-emenyụ na nzọụkwụ s3, na ọnụego ikuku nitrogen dị elu bụ 2.5l / h.
Ọmụmaatụ 2
Usoro usoro dị n'ụdị a bụ otu ihe ahụ dị na Ọmụmaatụ 1, ewezuga ọnọdụ usoro a kapịrị ọnụ, nke gụnyere usoro ndị a:
S1. Dephosphorization: tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime igwe nhicha ma wụsa n'ime ihe nhicha nhicha ruo mgbe a na-agbanye ngwaahịa ahụ kpamkpam na ngwọta nhicha. Gbanwee okpomọkụ nke nhicha ahụ ruo 50 ℃ ma kpalie ya kwa nkeji 15 ọ bụla. Mgbe ihichachara maka 3h, wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ ma tinye ya n'ime tankị dephosphorization maka ọgwụgwọ dephosphorization;
Ngwọta nhicha na-agụnye ihe ndị na-esonụ site na uka: akụkụ 36 nke butyl acetate, akụkụ 13 nke polyglycolic acid, akụkụ 20 nke aminoacetic acid, akụkụ 22 nke ethyl acrylate, 9 akụkụ oleic acid triethanolamine nnu, 16 akụkụ ethanolamine, na 26 akụkụ mmiri; A na-eji tankị dephosphorization mee ihe na ngwọta nke dephosphorization, nke a na-ahọrọ dị ka ngwọta potassium hydroxide na ntinye nke 6.5g / l ma ọ bụ sodium hydroxide ngwọta na ntinye nke 6.9g / l;
S2. Tupu ọgwụgwọ: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye gas nitrogen na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbe ikpochasị ọkụ maka awa 3, wepụ ya ma tinye ya na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ carburization;
S3. Nkwụsị: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye nitrogen gas n'ime ọkụ ọkụ. The eruba ọnụego nke nitrogen gas bụ 5l / h, na mgbe ịgbanye nitrogen gas maka 40min, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ mee ka okpomọkụ nke quenching ọkụ na 500 ℃, na a okpomọkụ ọnụego nke 40 ℃ / min, na-edebe ya 20min tupu ịga n'ihu na mbụ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ruo 700 ℃, na ọkụ ọkụ nke 60 ℃ / min, ma jide 35 nkeji tupu ịga n'ihu na nke abụọ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ruo 850 ℃, na ọkụ ọkụ nke 90 ℃ / min, ma jide 45 nkeji tupu ịga n'ihu na nke atọ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ;
S4. Mmanụ na-ajụ oyi: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ emenyụpụtara ma tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke mbụ na-emenyụ ka mmanụ dị jụụ. Okpomọkụ nke mmanụ na-emenyụ ọkụ bụ 300 ℃, ma kpalie ọ bụla nkeji iri na ise maka nkeji iri atọ; Mgbe ewepụchara, tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke abụọ na-eme ka mmanụ dị jụụ, na mmanụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na 70 ℃ ma kpalie ọ bụla 15 nkeji ruo mgbe ngwaahịa okpomọkụ dara na 100 ℃;
S5. Mwepụ mmanụ: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ jụrụ oyi ma hapụ ya ka ọ kwụrụ maka nkeji iri anọ na ise. Gbanyụọ mmanụ na-emenyụ mmanụ n'elu ngwaahịa ahụ na ikuku oyi na okpomọkụ nke 35 ℃ na ikuku ọsọ nke 25m / s;
S6. Tempering: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ mebiri emebi n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọkụ, gbanwee okpomọkụ ka ọ bụrụ 180 ℃, na oge okpomọkụ ruo awa 3. Mee usoro mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ tempering; Welite okpomọkụ ruo 410 ℃, iwe ọkụ maka awa 6, wee gaa n'ihu na usoro nke abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ iwe ọkụ; Mgbe ọgwụgwọ iwe gasịrị, ikuku jụrụ ngwaahịa ahụ ruo n'ime ụlọ.
Igwe ikuku nitrogen dị elu nke ewebatara n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nzọụkwụ s2 nke ihe ngosi a bụ gas nitrogen sitere na ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ na nzọụkwụ s3, yana ọnụego erute nke 3.5l / h maka ikuku nitrogen dị elu.
Ọmụmaatụ 3
Usoro usoro dị n'ụdị a bụ otu ihe ahụ dị na Ọmụmaatụ 1, ewezuga ọnọdụ usoro a kapịrị ọnụ, nke gụnyere usoro ndị a:
S1. Dephosphorization;
Ngwọta nhicha nwere ihe ndị na-esonụ site na uka: akụkụ 28 nke butyl acetate, akụkụ 12 nke polyglycolic acid, akụkụ 18 nke aminoacetic acid, akụkụ 18 nke ethyl acrylate, 7 akụkụ oleic acid triethanolamine nnu, 10 akụkụ ethanolamine, na 22 akụkụ mmiri; A na-eji tankị dephosphorization mee ihe na ngwọta dephosphoriation, nke a na-ahọrọ dịka ngwọta sodium hydroxide na ntinye nke 4.5g / l;
S2. Tupu ọgwụgwọ: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye gas nitrogen na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbe ikpochasị ọkụ maka awa 2.7, wepụ ya ma tinye ya na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ carburization;
S3. Nkwụsị: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ma na-aga n'ihu na-agbanye nitrogen gas n'ime ọkụ ọkụ. The eruba ọnụego nke nitrogen gas bụ 4.5l / h, na mgbe ịgbanye nitrogen gas maka 35 nkeji, ji nwayọọ nwayọọ mụbaa okpomọkụ nke quenching ọkụ na 480 ℃, na a kpo oku ọnụego nke 35 ℃ / min, na-edebe ya 18 nkeji tupu ịga n'ihu na mbụ ogbo nke quenching ọgwụgwọ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ruo 575 ℃, na ọkụ ọkụ nke 55 ℃ / min, ma nọgide na-enwe ya maka nkeji 27 tupu ịga n'ihu na ọkwa nke abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ nkwụsịtụ; Jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba okpomọkụ nke ọkụ na-emenyụ ọkụ ruo 800 ℃, na-ekpo ọkụ nke 80 ℃ / min, na-echekwa ya maka nkeji 38 tupu ịga n'ihu na usoro nke atọ nke ọgwụgwọ nkwụsịtụ;
S4. Mmanụ na-ajụ oyi: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ emenyụpụtara ma tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke mbụ na-emenyụ ka mmanụ dị jụụ. Okpomọkụ nke mmanụ na-emenyụ ọkụ bụ 275 ℃, ma kpalie ọ bụla nkeji iri na ise maka nkeji iri abụọ na ise; Mgbe ewepụchara, tinye ya na tank mmanụ nke abụọ na-eme ka mmanụ dị jụụ, na mmanụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na 60 ℃ ma kpalie ọ bụla 15 nkeji ruo mgbe ngwaahịa okpomọkụ dara na 100 ℃;
S5. Mwepụ mmanụ: Wepụ ngwaahịa ahụ jụrụ oyi ma hapụ ya ka ọ kwụrụ maka nkeji iri anọ. Gbanyụọ mmanụ na-emenyụ mmanụ n'elu ngwaahịa ahụ site na ikuku oyi, na okpomọkụ nke 33 ℃ na ikuku ọsọ nke 22m / s;
S6. Tempering: Tinye ngwaahịa ahụ mebiri emebi n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọkụ, gbanwee okpomọkụ ka ọ bụrụ 145 ℃, na oge okpomọkụ ruo awa 2.2. Mee usoro mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ tempering; Welite okpomọkụ ruo 390 ℃, iwe ọkụ maka awa 4.5, wee gaa n'ihu na usoro nke abụọ nke ọgwụgwọ iwe ọkụ; Mgbe ọgwụgwọ iwe gasịrị, ikuku jụrụ ngwaahịa ahụ ruo n'ime ụlọ.
Nitrogen na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu ewebatara n'ime ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nzọụkwụ s2 nke ihe ngosi a bụ nitrogen n'ime ọkụ na-emenyụ na nzọụkwụ s3, na-erute 3l/h.
Nnwale arụmọrụ igwe
Dị ka nsonaazụ ule si kwuo, a pụrụ ịhụ na ọkwa ike nke bolts na-emeso usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke ihe a na-emepụta ugbu a dị elu karịa 10.5, nke na-emezu ihe ndị dị mma.
Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke bolt nke ihe a na-emepụta ugbu a dị mfe, dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, ma nwee mmetụta nkwụsị nke ọma. Site na ikpocha ngwaahịa ahụ, ihe ngwọta nhicha dị n'elu ya nwere ike akpọnwụ, na mberede na-abawanye okpomọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike izere imetụta àgwà ngwaahịa; Ngwunye nitrogen dị elu nke a na-eji na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ na-abịa site na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na-ekpochapụ ngwaọrụ ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, nke nwere ike ịchekwa ike oriri ma belata ụgwọ ọrụ; Ịgbanye nitrogen n'ime ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ nwere ike wepụ ikuku n'ime, na-ezere mmeghachi omume oxidation n'etiti oxygen na ngwaahịa ahụ, si otú ahụ na-ezere decarburization na ime ka ọdịda nke eriri eriri, na ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa; Usoro ọgwụgwọ ikpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike melite mmetụta nkwụsị nke ngwaahịa ahụ ma melite ogo ya; Usoro ọgwụgwọ mmanu jụrụ oyi nwere ike ime ka ngwaahịa dị elu dị jụụ n'ụzọ dị mma na-emebighị ogo ha.
Na nkowa nke nkọwapụta a, nrụtụ aka na okwu ndị dị ka “otu ihe embodimenti”, “ụfọdụ embodiments”, “ihe atụ”, “ụfọdụ ihe atụ”, ma ọ bụ “ụfọdụ ihe atụ” pụtara na njirimara, ihe owuwu, ihe, ma ọ bụ atụmatụ akọwara na njikọ ya na ihe ngosi ma ọ bụ ihe atụ na-esonye na opekata mpe otu ụdị ma ọ bụ ihe atụ nke ihe mepụtara ugbu a. N'ịkọwapụta nke a, okwu schematic nke okwu ndị dị n'elu anaghị ezo aka na otu ụdị ma ọ bụ ọmụmaatụ. Ọzọkwa, a kapịrị ọnụ atụmatụ, ihe owuwu, ihe, ma ọ bụ atụmatụ akọwara nwere ike jikọta ya n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị n'ụdị ọ bụla ma ọ bụ karịa.
Nke a dị n'elu na-egosi ma na-akọwa ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi, njirimara ndị bụ isi, na uru nke ihe mepụtara ugbu a. Ndị na-ahụ maka nkà na ụzụ na ụlọ ọrụ a kwesịrị ịghọta na ihe ndị dị n'elu adịghị n'ụzọ ọ bụla na-amachi ihe ndị a na-emepụta ugbu a, na ngwọta ọrụ nkà na ụzụ ọ bụla enwetara site na ngbanwe nhata ma ọ bụ mgbanwe kwekọrọ na-adaba n'ime oke nchedo nke ugbu a.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-04-2023